- Intense / Acute or sudden => consult an emergency doctor / Call 15 depending on symptoms - Moderate and progressive => cardiological +/- pneumological assessment Possible causes of dyspnea : - Cardiac origin: pulmonary embolism, cardiac rhythm disorder, pericardial effusion, heart failure - Extra-cardiac origin: pulmonary, laryngeal or tracheal infection or obstruction, pneumothorax, non-infectious pneumopathy, underlying asthma, chronic bronchitis, pleural effusion, lung damage, anemia ...

- Intense / Acute or sudden => consult an emergency doctor / call 15 depending on symptoms +++. - In non-emergency cases => cardiological +/- pulmonary work-up Possible causes of chest pain : - Cardiac/vascular origin: pulmonary embolism, cardiac rhythm disorder, pericardial effusion, heart failure, infarction, angina, aortic dissection, hypertensive crisis - Non-cardiac origin: pulmonary infection, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, acute pancreatitis, gastro-duodenal ulcer, cholecystitis, musculoskeletal pain ...

- Extrasystole: sensation of a jolt, extra beat, stronger beat or cardiac pause - Sustained tachycardia or arrhythmia: sensation of heart beating faster (> 100 bpm) and/or irregularly. If symptoms are intense and prolonged, or associated with other cardiac symptoms => consult an emergency physician / call 15 according to symptoms In all other cases: cardiological assessment Possible causes of tachycardia or cardiac arrhythmia: underlying heart disease, acute infarction, rhythmic disease, metabolic deficiencies, anemia, hyperthyroidism, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, etc.

- Syncope: sudden loss of consciousness with no warning signs => consult an emergency physician / call 15 depending on symptoms - Lipothymia: sensation of impending unconsciousness, sweating, dizziness, blurred vision, ringing in the ears, but without total loss of consciousness => consult an emergency physician / call 15 according to symptoms.  - Lipothymia may be followed by syncope, or be isolated. - Syncope may be preceded by lipothymia, or may be isolated. The causes of syncope and lipothymia can be the same, they require a cardiological workup. Possible causes : - Cardiac conduction disorder - Cardiac rhythm disorder - Cardiac obstruction (valvular stenosis, obstructive heart disease, pulmonary embolism, severe pericardial effusion / tamponade , pulmonary hypertension ...) The most frequent cause is vagal +/- related to orthostatic hypotension.  All in all, any acute, intense or sudden symptom requires urgent treatment. Once an emergency has been ruled out, a cardiological work-up is recommended.